Geographical Feature
Introduction
Purbi Singhbhum District is situated at the extreme corner of the southeast of Bihar, now Jharkhand. It has been formed after isolating 9 blocks from greater Singhbhum on 16th January 1990. From the industrial growth and mining quarrying point of view district has a leading position in Jharkhand
History
Legendly it is said that in the past large number of lions were found in this area. Subsequently this geographical area has been named as Singhbhum “Land of Lions”. Before independence the same area of this district was a part of old Manbhum District and Old Dhalbhum Estate. After independence it has been merged with the Greater Singhbhum
Geography
The total geographical area of the district is 3533 Sq.Km. Which form about 2.03 % of the whole state. About 53% of the total area of the district is covered by residual mountains and hills consisting granite, gneiss, schist and basalt rocks. It is a part of Chhotanagpur plateau of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphosed rocks of Dharwarian period are found every where. The Dalma range is as main hill has been extended from west to East covered by dense forest. The Subernarekha river flows from west to south-east direction. All the tributaries of this area meet with the Subernarekha river. Generally the height of this area is 700 ft. to 3100 ft. above sea level. The district is rich in minerals and is found abundantly. Iron Ore, Copper, Uranium, Gold Kynite are the main minerals
District Boundaries
- East : Midnapur District (West Bengal)
- West :West Singhbhum
- North: Purulia District (West Bengal)
- South:Mayurbhanj District(Orissa)
Location
- Longitudinal Extent : 86 Deg 04 Min – 86 Deg 54 Min East
- Latitudinal Extent : 22 Deg 12 Min – 23 Deg 01 Min North
Climate
The Climate of the district is temperate. Annual rainfall is 1200 mm to 1400 mm. This area comes under the path of south-west monsoon so sometimes it receives heavy rain during July to September, During the Summer seasons maximum temperature goes up 40 C – 45 C whereas in winter it has recorded a minimum of 8 C.
Vegetation & Forest
In this District Deciduous type of forest is found in which Sal, Gamhar, Mahua, Palash, Bamboo, Shrubs and grass are the main vegetation. The district has at present 33 % forest area. Due to industrialization and large scale of mining quarrying deforestation has taken place. There is a Dalma wild animal sanctuary for elephants, which is very significant in scenario of the nation.